In this part...
This will be the last part of the Create a URL Shortener app with Python and Django Series and if you have not read the last two parts yet please read them before you read this part.
we have discussed how to set up our virtual environment and start the project and apps in part 1 and learned the logic and some important views in part 2. So it is vital to read them first.
In this part, I will show you how to,
- Create the URL patterns
- Writing the template.
- Write the redirect view
Create the URL patterns.
To handle the URL requests we can create the URL patterns as shown below.
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from url_shortener import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('create/', views.create ),
path('<str:slug>/', views.redirect), #new line
]
views.create uses the views.create that we created in the last part to shorten the URLs.
We will discuss the other URL paths later in this post.
Writing the Template.
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
$('#input-form').on('submit', function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
$.ajax({
type: 'post',
url: '/create/',
data: $('#input-form').serialize(),
success: function (response) {
response = window.location.origin+"/"+response
$(".success").html(
"<p> URL shortened succesfully: <a href='"+response+"'>"+response+"</p>"
)
}
});
});
});
</script>
<form id="input-form" method="post" action="/">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="success">
</div>
<input type="url" name="url" id="url">
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
Here we use ajax requests and a form to shorten the URLs.
Write the Redirect view.
In our app, we have to redirect the user who requests a URL that is made with our app. For instance, if they request, http://127.0.0.1:8000/a/ we have to check if there is a record for the slug "a". if yes we redirect the user to the full URL of the slug and raise a 404 error if there is no record for slug "a" in the database.
To get the slug of the shortened URL we have to add this line to our URL patterns list in urls.py.
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from url_shortener import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('create/', views.create ),
path('<str:slug>/', views.redirect),] #new line
Then we can use the slug in the view as shown below.
def redirect(request,slug):
url = get_object_or_404(Link, slug=slug)
return HttpResponseRedirect(url.URL)
This three-line view, do the redirecting job.
To use the HttpResponseRedirectmethod and get_object_or_404, we have to update the import list as shown below.
That's all and It works as expected.
I am embedding all the files you want to edit in the Django project
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